There is a mix of genuine aircraft parts and simulated ones dpending on the sim.
for example, on the CAE built KC30 (A330) sim the MCP is a genuine part, as are most other parts foward of the line around aft of the seats... This is for certification to level d. However the radio control panel is an actual part on the top however the internals have been removed and essentially it just operates sound cards etc in the PCs that do the audio work.
Other parts for example the stab trim or THS Wheel... Spins via an electric motor , chains etc under the simulator floor so is not a real system obviously.
As far as air data goes, and most other simulations, they are programmes of the flight modelling , hence the limitations on what you can achieve with simulators when outside the parameters modelled. For example I have looped the sim successfully on full motion, but it is not something you would probably get away with on the actual aircraft without damage of course.
Does that help ?
Mw
