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Thank you for attempting to seek a reasonable solution. You present some great questions most would assist you in a reasonable area of operations but you face an uphill battle.
QTR operates on a fear-base culture, this fear culture creates anxiety in every choice made by every employees all levels. The fear culture pushes some pilots to stop thinking and to do only as they are told.
Like most other airlines QTR does have a fuel management policy, the policy does not impose a penalty for taking extra (with-in reason) fuel. The fuel policy looks at many aspects of the operation, but like the book world it does not fully apply to the real world. This is where airmanship should appear but is stifled by prevailing corporate culture.
Seeing crews cannot change policy or culture, a letter from ATC to upper management in DOH describing the consequences of the current policy accompanied with some suggestions would be helpful to all. With the hope that ATC’s message would be heard, if not then the option for holding, vectors and a couple of fuel PAN’s or MAYDAY’s should convey the message.
Although this is not London, Hong Kong, Sydney or New York, air operations in the ME could use improvement. Disregard for ATC instruction should not be tolerated, it only promotes further disregard and makes operations more challenging and less safe for everyone else. The tolerance level could be stepped down a bit at a time beginning with vectors, holding, phone calls and letters for the non-compliant. Failure with consequences is a good teacher.