Do these organisations require an AOC?
If all Qantas passengers joined a thing called The Qantas Club, would Qantas no longer be obliged to hold an AOC? I think not.
Organisations which take money to carry passengers in aircraft are carrying passengers for money in aircraft, whether or not those passengers happen to jump out of the aircraft and be members of a ‘club’ or a ‘federation’.
Organisations which take money to train pilots are taking money to train pilots, whether or not those trainees happen to be members of a ‘club’ or an ‘association’.