Busserday, I have a feeling that IFR is not actually cancelled when cleared for a visual. IFR is only cancelled when acknowledged with the time of it changing to Special or VFR. If this is accepted, and it is the case in the USA for sure that a visual does NOT cancel IFR, then as the flight is still IFR there is nothing to restrict the missed approach procedure taking you back into the controlled airspace that you may, by descent, have exited for the visual approach.
Having stated this, I really don't know the absolute answer, and I suspect that maybe nobody does. In line with European examining techniques it would therefore make an excellent question to use as a trap!