To repeat, all of these calculations are based on determining the margin from current speed to critical speeds based on the margin between current AOA and stall AOA. No knowledge of weight or CG is required.
Stall AoA is constant. Now if the aircraft weight was also constant, I could easily understand how AoA information could be converted to speed information. My question is how the devil does the computer know at what speed the critical AoA will be reached?
Let's say we reach the stall AoA at 100kt when the weight is 100T. Let's also say we reach the stall AoA at 110kt when the weight is 110T. How do the aircraft systems sense that we are at a higher weight, and thus determine to change the markings on the ASI?