"As the role of the RTLU is to limit rudder and pedal deflection as a function of the speed, and the position of the rudder limiter was stuck, frozen since 02:10:06, why that limit was exceeded when the rudder was suddenly and generously applied after 02:13:00 ?"
CONFiture. You will need to address the limit strength of the RUDDER actuator v. air loads. Just as the limit strength of the THS jackscrew is compared to the airloads on the THS. When takata posted the picture of the recovered jackscrew, I noted some damage at (near) the end (NU) limit of the screw. The rotation and torsional impetus of the jackscrew would be in opposition to the extreme airloading on the THS. If it failed, and trapped the collet in its near max. position of 13.2, that explains the nesting of the THS from apogee. Logic demands some movement post apogee with ND from PF. None is in evidence.
These questions are unaddressed here, and to my knowledge, not broached in the BEA reportage.
Best regards