The answer depends on what sort of quality you are after.
If you don't mind a distorted image, with probably prop effects, then there are loads of "bullet" cameras out there, not to mention some larger ones.
If you want decent quality then you will be using a decent camera and it will need anti vibration mounting. In some cases just a simple mount will do but a very good mounting point is a window and they tend to vibrate due to the slipstream turbulence.
There are various professional solutions to this (do a google on antivibration camera mounts, etc). Most of them are not exactly compact. I constructed
this which works superbly, for a forward-looking camera mount and with a mid-price camera (Canon Legria G10) with manual shutter control and shooting at 1/120 or slower produces great results.