I presume you wrote the defect up on arrival, so how did maintenance clear the defect for flight or was it done on conditions, and second, given the lack of certainty, why did you carry out a second flight? I ask because I have been in a similar situation (though on a much larger twin jet aircraft) though the whole thing played out very differently.
Well... the aircraft was on an experimental flight permit, so a C of A was not in force. Though I did not formally write up the snag, I can assure you that I had the 5 mechanics who had a serious interest in the flight test standing there when I returned. They knew that if I flew a circuit that small and short time, something was wrong. The second flight was carried out with a much better thought out abort criteria and procedure (my common practice - now...). As the aircraft was much improved, though still non compliant. I wanted the mechanic I took with me to get the idea of the problem. In truth, for the second flight, no one had yet figured out that the trim stop limits were actually reversed. All they knew was they had already given me more than they thought would be necessary, so I kinda had to prove to them it was not right yet.
I did not sign of the "fit for flight" maintenance test flight release for seven subsequent flights, 'till they finally got it flying properly. Without that signature, the aircraft could not be test flown for the modification test flight I was originally supposed to be doing.
This is certainly not the only time I have done a maintenance test flight with an aircraft with a hidden defect, it's just the worst example. A Cessna 185 floatplane flight test I did was equally embarrassing for the flight control rigging (rudder in that case) which was done wrong (springs missing), just less dramatic. There were others. It's surprising how much error a mechanic can "maintain" into an aircraft, and a careful pilot can still fail to detect before flight! Maintenance test pilots beware!
I take it that your large twin jet had a less good outcome. Any thing we can learn from the whole story?