Short explanation of g loading:
G is an expression of acceleration.
If you or I simply sit in our chair, we feel the normal 1 g load on our body. That is due to earth's gravity acting down toward the center of the earth.
If we are in a roller coaster car, and go racing down an incline, when we reach the bottom, and then race up the next incline, we feel more than 1 g acceleration as we go through that arc on the bottom of the track. (we feel pushed down into our seat a bit). This is like a pitch rate change in an aircraft, pitching the nose up.)
If we are in a plane flying along straight and level, we should feel 1 g.
If the plane goes into a 60 degree angle of bank turn, straight and level, the vector forces sum up to 2 g's. You'll feel that in your seat. (You'll feel a bit heavy).
If you are flying with the Red Arrows, or Blue Angels, or Snow Geese flight demonstration teams, you may do a high G turn over the field to show how maneuverable your jet is. You can induce g's up to 5, 6, 7 ... depends on which aircraft you fly. While doing such a maneuver, if you try to raise your arm, it will feel heavier to lift than when under 1 G. Under 5 g turn, your arm feels about 4 times more heavy than just sitting in your seat. (You can usually still lift it, but it feels strange to do so, much effort).
If you are in level flight, and you push the stick forward, you will tend to feel light in your seat: you are feeling < 1 g. If you fly the plane in a particular manner, beginning nose up, you can push over into a parabola shaped flight path that will induce a zero G condition, temporarily: if not strapped in, you can float a bit in the aircraft cabin. (Astronaut training used to include such events. Not sure if it still does).
If you choose to roll the aircraft inverted, and fly level, you will feel 1 G acting in the opposite direction to your sitting down: you will feel pushed OUT of your seat, not held into it. (Keep those harness straps on nice and tight). That G is typically referred to as negative G. It makes the blood rush to your head. The earth pulls on you the same, but your orientation made you experience that force differently.
A vigorous nose down push on the stick from level flight can induce negative G, and you will fall "up" toward the aircraft's cabin ceiling if you are not strapped in.
For much smaller changes, you can induce a 1.2 g or 1.1 g, or slightly less than 1.0 G (0.9, 0.8) via small pitch changes, as a result of control inputs that you choose.
G onset tends to be rate sensitive. If I make a very slow input, nose up or nose down, I induce a small acceleration, so the "g" of that maneuver, or the "change in G force" is small.
If I make a rapid input, the G tends to increase, and it is readily felt.
Does that help?
If you like a fuller article, this one is OK, more detail.
g-force - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia