Well, believe it or not, I think it's working
I took your advice and took the laptop apart (some good youtube tutorials on how to do so, even I managed it

) and found some bloody huge clumps of dust/hair/pizza/god knows what inside the fan

Pulled it all out with a pair of tweezers and put my laptop back together again. Turned it on and the fan started

As said previously, I must've blown the dust further into my laptop and clogged it up
Thanks for the helpful replies, you've saved me a very expensive trip to the local computer shop