In all the debate about HNS, one thing that seems to be conveniently forgotten is that when you deploy strike a/c to a foreign country, that country has the right to approve the target set, as its also implicated in the event of any subsequent investigation over target selection & collateral damage etc, if all goes pear shaped.
You don't need top involve a third party nation in target approvals if you are flying from a Carrier.
As for the stuff that's been written about speed of reaction Vs a Carriers ability to get on station, then that is a limitation but I'd wager not as much as a limitation as having to negoitate with another Government over target selection. And ISTR the the first allied shots of both the Afghan & Libya conflicts involved UK sub launched TLAMs so it is possible for a maritime strike platform in to be in position in reasonable time, whether thats an SSN or a CV.