I've no idea what is being used to rip the CD, but if you are using WMP, SSK, then check your privacy settings as there is an option to "download" information from the internet. The same goes for iTunes and many other rippers.
Unfortunately, your problem is a common one. CD's do not generally have that little bit of code on the tracks to identify the track title. To get the track id you need to have the option "retrieve information from the internet" (wording will vary according to the software) checked, eject the cd and insert it again, then "voila", you should have all the track id's which should happily transfer to your mp3 player.