I know we are getting off the subject here but thats an interesting point you raised Willie regarding self study etc. I found when instructing that during the latter stages of a students training, the keen and organised student usually had their s&%t together and required very little assistance on the ground. The instructor went from a teacher to more of a 'point in the right direction' type person (and I am not saying that this is an excuse to be slack-rather put the responsibility of learning and research on the student-i.e real world). With regards to Downwind, sure its great that he is asking questions etc, but really, if he fit into the category that I mentioned above (and I assume that he has a CPL and initial multi), then 99% of the posted questions from the engineering exam would be answered .This topic would simply be there to answer those few questions that seem to stump all of us from time to time.