nothing can be said absolutely without speaking in specifics...but in general simple flaps increase wing loading, decrease stall speed, decrease limit loads...however the basic airfoil lift characteristics are not changed so the Clmax point of the wing [not the flap section] changes..you have more lift at lower speeds,..hence changes in the loading with effective camber increase is independent of aoa...I'm not sure what this conversation is truly about..
when going on about slots and it's effect on boundary layer wrt to laminar and turbulent separation...that's a whole PhD thesis
this is on of the most experimental topic ...the theoretical models all are very limited...though useful for define basic changes in load distribution and with deflaction and change in pitching moment and center of pressure...and the whole thing is sensitive to minute changes and the increase in weight, drag and complexity must also be accounted for...this particular topic is a huge pain in the ass for designers- in real life and only the most general things can be said...even in the textbook...
