I think the term you're looking for is "Line Check Airman." PICs will have a proficiency check at least yearly which, for most aircraft types, is now done in a sim. There are set tasks that have to be covered. There will be a start malfunction, you'll taxi out, a normal takeoff, area departure, steep turns, stalls, two ILS approaches and 2 non-precision approachs. An engine will quit sometime during the approaches.
The PIC will also have to have a line check where he is observed doing normal flying to see that he's using the company procedures. The Line Check is given by a, what else, Line Check Airman. The airline will submit the name of a pilot they want to be a LCA and the FAA will watch him perform a line check. If all goes well, the FAA will issue a letter stating the pilot can give line checks in a particular type aircraft for a particular airline.