To become a pilot does not compare to what academics a Doctor must pass through. That being said most airlines require a 4 year degree. After that you have 12-24 months training. In the US, you need approximately 5000 hours to be competitive and get hired by a major airline. So that is often similar to being an intern, working as an instructor/ regional pilot for 5-8 years. Then First year pay at most US airlines is poor at best and right now you may be 10-15 more years before you see any command time.
That being said, an airline pilot can probably shatter more lives in one day than a surgeon could in a lifetime...so what price do you put on that?
Lately not enough in my opinion!