Wigglyamps,
Since you will understand the theory here is a brief synopsis which while not 100% technocally correct will give you an idea of the difference;
Domestic - We will start on the distribution network at the transformer - star 3 phase system with centre earth. Each phase will have the same potential to earth and at this point the centre is connected to earth.
From here two "wires" go to your house - Phase (live) and another "wire" which is connected to the centre point (Neutral).
Therefore at the transformer, the resistance of the neutral wire to earth is very low but as one moves farther from the transformer, the resistance of the neutral wire causes the resistance back to earth via the centre point to increase.
Let's now think of your house. It will most likely these days have a earth conductor which utilises an earth rod close to the property. The earth wires are of minimum sizes and this combined with the shorter distance top earth via the earth wire compared to the neutral.
Therefore given the choice, current will flow via the earth wire and not via the neutral. This is used to trip the ELCB.
Connecting metal enclosures to earth ensures that any fault current caused is suficient to trip a CB within the desired maximum time.
Bonding all pipework etc and earthing them ensures that you don't end up with possible voltage differences.
However,
If you stand in the bath and take hold of a bare phase wire - you will be electrocuted (briefly).
If you stand on rubber and take a phase in one hand and neutral in the other - you will be electrocuted.
If you stand on rubber and take a phase in one hand and earth wire in the other you will similarly be electrocuted.
Messing with electricity is bad news.
As for the aircraft.
DC system is just like your car. the metal fuselage provides the return and the live voltages are either 12V (old system, small aircraft) or 28V.
Aircraft with AC systems may use voltages as high as 110V (400Hz). But they always use a two wire system.
Therefore unllike the above list, unless you hold both wires of the aircraft AC system you can not electrocute yourself and then it is a 110 V shock compared to 230V.
Of course it is the current that kills you - and while your domestic full short could reach a very brief peak of 100A or perhaps a bit more (62A Fuse), aircraft electrical systems have much lower current potential.
The most dangerous part of the aircraft electrical system is the battery connector.
Having said all that aircraft are bonded to prevent different potentials being built up in various parts - similar to the bonding of metal pipes in the domestic situation.
What is mostly forgotten is that messing round the battery connector has the most danger in an aircraft - short out those terminals with a metal watch strap and 600 to 1000 amps with no protection will do a nice welding job on it.