In the UK CAA system non radar towers such as Plymouth are in G airspace with Controllers "controlling" IFR aircraft on to the approach and the ILS.
Controllers even "control" IFR aircraft in en-route radar G airspace when other aircraft in IMC are not reporting.
In practice they give a class E like service in G however they so resist change(the CAA) that no one is game to call it class E.
Tiny airports such as Gatwick are class D.
Heathrow is supposed to be class A however you can fly VFR in the airspace.
Yes, those in charge are incompetent.
I submit that the poms are not incompetent, they are merely making the shamozzle that is alphabet-soup airspace work.
Let's just make all airspace occupied by RPT Class D (yes, you VFR fundamentalists can still go about your selfish "business" unhindered but at least I will know where you are so that I have a fighting chance of avoiding a Launy Tobago) and be done with it!
We don't even need ADS-B; Multilateration works great. How about showing some vision, Dick, and support it?