This accident could be the first involving Enhanced GPWS (EGPWS), but the evidence suggests that the system was turned off after the first approach. Thus, a major contributor could have been a crew operating error.
These errors often have origins in the crew’s understanding of systems, which in turn depend on training and individual willingness to learn / recall information.
Some people cite the problems of geographic or cultural differences. However, the types of crew error indicated in the report are seen in most, if not all areas of the world; fortunately not so frequently as to require bans or operating restriction.
There is still much that everyone should learn from this accident; if nothing else, do not turn off terrain warning systems.