Without having to learn any numbers, there is an easy way of determining the individual components:
Crosswind = Reported windspeed x (angle + 20)/100
an example:
RWY 21
W/V 250/30
X = 30 x (40 + 20) / 100 = 18kn
Headwind = Reported windspeed x ((90 - angle) +20)/100
X = 30 x ((90 - 40) + 20) / 100 = 21kn
Try it a few times and you will find this an easy tool without paper and pen required.
Check accuracy below:
Worked for me for more than 30 years....