I'm in front of a computer with Excel 2003, and having a look. First thing that stands out: you can choose which encoding to use for the page, as you save it, as follows:
- File / Save as Web page
- hit the Tools button (top right) and select "Web Options"
- on the "Encoding" tab, select another encoding. I recommend "Unicode (UTF-8)"
I just tried it with some weird characters - Greek, Russian, some weird maths symbols - all looked fine in Firefox and IE.
You can make this permanent if you change it under Tools / Options / General / Web Options.
It's going on the Web, after all i.e. ideally, nothing Windows-specific should be required, not even a character encoding.