Nope. Not in europe anyway, they look at your atpl results (possibly), your IR (first series pass is a good one) and most importantly they see how you get on in a simulator and try to get a good idea if a) you can actually fly and would be able to handle a type rating course/line training and b) if they could bear to sit next to you in a cockpit for 7 hours.
All that being said, having a degree on your cv (which by the way i do not), can do no harm and could only be viewed as a positive thing, but certainly not an essential.