"Is this possible, feasible or just another ho hum theory"?
Crudely:
We want to do more calculations so need more transistors running faster = more power
more power = more heat
To keep everything working OK the individual transistors must be smaller.
A side effect of smaller transistors is they are affected more by radiation and are more likely to flip a bit.
What happens next is depends on what bit is flipped, it can be short term if in RAM and recovered by rebooting alternatively it can be long term if in ROM or flash affecting the program or stored data eg locations.
It is known to be a serious problem for space applications and special chips are used although they don't have the computing power of newer consumer type chips. The RCA 1802 chips in Voyager have outlasted RCA.