In Australia, photos are out unless you're applying for something in entertainment that can actually use appearance as a deciding factor. Passport photos may be required in some cases (although I can't think of any offhand), but not as part of your CV.
You cannot judge someone's capabilities as a pilot based on a photograph. You might be able to judge their apparent professionalism, enthusiasm, and hygeine, but because you're assessing a photo it can be grossly inaccurate. You are leaving the door wide open to be discriminated against if you include one with your resume.
Having said that, photos can be useful as 'memory joggers' for an employer who wants to put a face to a name... Be very, very careful though!
If you're applying as a pilot, in most cases you want to use a resume instead of a CV. Academic positions and some other industries use CVs (which are longer and include more details - job descriptions etc). Resumes are shorter and are more about the headings rather than the explanations. Keep it to 2 pages max (one sheet).