I doubt very much that these tests are testing for Codeine. They are simply not capable of distinguishing Codeine from other Opium derivatives. If they were capable of that, they would be capable of not returning false positives for any drug. Accurate test equipment is expensive and requires more knowledge and skill on the part of the tester. The more accurate the test, the higher the cost. It is far more desirable to ruin the life of a pilot or two than to provide accurate testing carried out by appropriately trained and qualified people. I don't expect to see an Australian professional pilot return a true positive test this year or the next. Perhaps when they water down CAO 48 enough, we will all need something to stay awake but until then we are what we say we are, professionals.