I'm wondering where the 'poor airmanship' references have crept in since the JFK accident. I am taught in 'recovery from unusual attitudes' to use aggressive and large inputs if needed. To this end, I have recently in the simulator been using full aileron in a 747 to so recover from such attitudes. Maybe these pilots did use large and aggressive rudder inputs. Is this so wrong? Is it a 'pilot error' or insufficient design integrity when the rudders apparently fly off? Every time I see a reference to pilot error with this sort of thing, I'm more inclined to see it as poor design/testing.