One other reason for Nitrogen.
We were taught in the early 1960's (by the Royal Air Force) that during inflation pressure release of the tyre (tire) prior to disassembly of the wheel (Split or detachable rim) even if the schrader valve core had been removed, the rapid reduction in pressure could cause any moisture in the air within the tyre to freeze in the aperture of the valve causing a blockage that could lead to the false impression that the tyre was fully deflated with obvious danger of accident if the rim securing devices were released while pressure still was trapped.
From memory tyre pressures on the Handley Page 'Victor' main gear were in the region of 250 psi (around 16 bar?)
and the English Electric 'Lightning' mains 400-450 psi (30 bar?)
Always inflated for the first time in the workshop in a safety cage.
Exmek