The turbulent disturbance of the air due to an aircrafts flight through it is called wake turbulence or vortex wake.
Jet wash (or jet blast!) is the exhaust from the engine. Only a problem on the ground in the relatively close confines of the ramp/cul de sac. I have felt it several times while doing the walkround, a blast of warm air from an aircraft pushing back or turning opposite. Its effects can also be carried with a bit of wind too. Some confined stands have "dead" pushbacks, ( the sierras at LHR T4 spring to mind) i.e no start up until pushed back and towed forward, in order to prevent any possible damage to objects or persons from this jet wash.