Actually, in a steady state climb, the wing produces slightly *LESS* lift - because a component of the thrust is assisting the vertical picture. I would also figure that in a descent, the same occurs, for the same reason. Consider a simple thought experiment - vertical climb/descent; what is required of the wing?
As for drag, you need two answers: Why is induced drag more at low speeds, and what goes on with the flaps.
Someone else will have to explain why induced drag increases with reducing speed - I can not.. but note that it's inversely proportional to airspeed, NOT AOA.
As for the flaps, note that induced drag is something very special - drag created in the process of generating lift. It can be separated from form drag - drag due to shape if you will. Extending flaps actually creates *form* drag. The induced drag picture may change as the wing planform changes slightly, it may even reduce. The main affect of flaps is not on induced drag.
Hope that helps.