Brazil should be thrown out of ICAO.
That would not bring anything, other than to confort the Brazilian Air Force in their paranoia that the whole world is againt them , and this would probably re-inforce their powers.
Also we should be careful ,as many self proclaimed " advanced" Countries are not doing any better. My own , France , is a good example of a poor weak regulator, an Investigation Bureau following political orders, and a Justice department wanting to score points in front of he public opinion. . The recent trials held after the Mt St Odile crash ( 14 years afrer the accident !) or the Gonesse Concorde one , are not any better than Brazil.
Greece and Cyprus are also coming to my mind as poor examples.
An excellent recent book is explaining quite well this " procecution issue" , whether it is in medecine, police or aviation. ( Balancing Safety and Accountability, Sidney Dekker ISBN 978-0-7546-7267-8)