There are a lot of technical dissections of the C150 as compared with the C152 on this thread and I am certain the authors are very well informed. I can't add to the technical side, but I have flown both aircraft.
In my experience the C150 is lovely to fly but awfully slow. The two particular C150s I have flown managed 90 mph almost flat out with about 2450 RPM. The C152s I have flown many hours on all returned 90 kts from a 2300 RPM cruise. I seem to remember being annoyed at increased fuel consumption despite going slower! Then again, my memory might be a little rusty
In summary, quite unsurprisingly the C152 feels like a more powerful evolution of the older C150. I don't recall the handling being much different.