Most airlines operating in the real world that suffer a hull-loss, go out of business within five years. I believe the figure is over 60%. Pan-Am, Valujet, TWA, Swissair are examples.
Don't know if there is any research as to why this is so. Loss of pax confidence, liablitiies, lawsuits and damage to the brand I suppose.
Obviously does not apply to CAL, KAL, etc. Government bail-outs keep them in the air probably.