I see ur not doing ur HW, kurims...
1. Magnetic variation depends on where u are in the world. I don't know what that variation is in the Philippines. To find out, buy a sectional and look at the isogonic lines and either add or subtract it from true course (east is least, west is best) so, if you see 16*E subtract 16 from true course, and vice-versa if 16*W. Deviation differs from aircraft to aircraft. A good rule for plotting is....
TRUE COURSE
+/-
VARIATION
=
MAGNETIC COURSE
+/-
DEVIATION
=
COMPASS HEADING..... this varies to compensate for wind and keep the desired ground track
2. VOR DME and the ADF are 2 different things. As far as I know, here in the US, NDBs are on their way out. Personally, I have never used the ADF in my 15 months of flying. I dont even know if the skyhawk i fly has one!!
3. Use a plotter.....
I'm actually "tamad" na when i fly coz i use the autopilot and the direct-to function.....makes life so much easier....don't have to go thru all those course calculations....just hit the AP NAV then Voila!
Sit back and enjoy the babes...este, view
READ UR PPL BOOKS.......fcoms can wait buddy... learn to walk before you run...