Airfield temperature vs runway temperature
Yesterday, in my very sheltered and paved back garden, the temperature was 22C in the shade but the temperature at nearby EDI was 15C. The difference was no doubt caused by the effect of the strong sun heating the paving etc. together with the very sheltered situation of my back garden.
Later, I watched a recording of the Spanish Grand Prix. The air temperature at the circuit was 23C and the track temperature was in the high 30's.
When there is prolonged strong sunlight, the same effect must happen on airfield runways i.e. the local temperature close above the runway could be quite a bit higher than the temperature given by the local met report.
Is this effect something that pilots need to take into account when calculating take-off performance or is some allowance for this effect already included in take-off performance tables?
On a related subject, how does runway temperature affect landings? I can remember, in my younger years, watching Tridents landing at EDI on hot days and they would sometimes have to use reverse thrust when still airborne due to "wing in ground effect" prolonging the flare for too long. Was this phenomenon also to do with runway temperature or was it just a consequence of the wing design in the Trident?