"Tape," as you call it, is used all the time.
No aircraft has been brought down because it was stuck together only with the stuff.
No aircraft has been involved in an incident because the tape came off in flight and ended up someplace it shouldn't have, or worse, compromised the structural integrity of the airframe.
BUT!!! There have been plenty of airframe failures not associated with tape in the long(ish) history of aviation, most of which ended up in a fatal accident.
Hmmm...I'd start worrying about whether the rivets and camlock fasteners are going to hold next time you go flying if I were you
