Leaving aside the PIC time logging issues, and getting back to Type Ratings, a few questions in order to clarify things a bit, please correct me if I’m wrong, and forgive my ignorance.
Apparently in the U.S. most of the Type Ratings are actually carried out by the airlines/operators, or on behalf of them by independent training organizations.
This means that to a large extent, what is actually entered in the licence of the individual pilot is a function of what the airline/operator wants to include (PIC/SIC rating, or none at all if no international flying is involved) as they paid for that training, and they don’t want to give away anything more than what it is strictly necessary.
Apparently the FAA doesn’t have much to say in this process either, FAA just enters in the licence what it is requested to by the operator, not the pilot, as long as it complies with FARs, of course.
The questions are:
Can a pilot do a Type Rating on his own, without an airline/operator?
If he can, how would that be entered in his licence?, would he apply himself to the FAA, or would it be the training provider who would?
What would actually be entered in his licence, a PIC or SIC rating?
Is an FAA SIC Type Rating on a FAA CPL accepted to work as an FO outside the U.S. for a non U.S. airline/operator, namely in Asia, Middle East, Africa, South America, etc.?