I believe that the failure rate is improving, it has been high but it is only a statistic, it is not that hard, refer to the Dominican.
I think it is safe to say that there has not been an FO in over six years that has not been offered an upgrade within their contract period. There has been one failure, that resulted in a 12 month wait and subsequent pass.
The upgrade is not under three years, but is definately less than five. This is not stated ANA policy it is purely based on the history.
Gambate ne