GPS use for approaches on ZS registered aircraft

[Heli-Jet]

GPS Training

CHC pilots flying in Africa even if you are from SA

Instrument Approaches - Global Positioning System (GPS)
(a) General Training
(i) To qualify for an authorization to conduct GPS approaches in IFR, a private operator shall have a flight crew training program. Each flight crew member shall have completed the appropriate training prior to conducting GPS approaches.
(ii) Where a flight crew member is required to use more than one type of GPS for approach, the private operator shall ensure the training program addresses the differences between the units.
(iii) The private operator shall ensure the ground training includes "hands on" training using a desk top simulator, a computer based simulation of the unit to be used, or a static in-aircraft unit.
(b) Ground Training - Non-integrated Receivers (Panel Mount GPS Receivers)
The private operator shall ensure that the training program candidates are trained to proficiency in each of the elements associated with the following areas:
(i) Knowledge with respect to the following:
(A) the GPS system, including:
(I) GPS system components and aircraft equipment,
(II) the composition of satellite constellation,
(III) the minimum number of satellites required for 2-D and 3-D navigation,
(IV) the basic concept of satellite ranging,
(V) factors affecting the accuracy of GPS signals, and
(VI) the World Geodetic Survey 1984 (WGS 84) datum and the effect of using any other datum,
(B) human factors applicable to the use of GPS and how errors may be reduced or eliminated,
(C) company standard operating procedures for the use of GPS, and
(D) procedures for reporting GPS problems and database errors.
(ii) Ability to perform the following operational tasks:
(A) select appropriate operational modes,
(B) recall categories of information contained in the database,
(C) predict RAIM availability,
(D) enter and verify user defined waypoints,
(E) recall and verify database waypoints,
(F) interpret typical GPS navigational displays including latitude/longitude, distance and bearing to waypoint, course deviation indication (CDI), desired track (DTK), track made good (TMG), actual track (TK), cross track error and any other information appropriate for the equipment used,
(G) intercept and maintain GPS defined tracks,
(H) determine navigation information appropriate for the conduct of the flight including ground speed (GS), estimated time of arrival (ETA) for next waypoint and destination,
(I) indications of waypoint passage,
(J) use of ‘direct to’ function,
(K) link en route portion of GPS flight plan to approach,
(L) conduct SIDs, STARs, terminal area procedures and holds,
(M) retrieve, verify and conduct GPS stand alone approaches, and
(N) conduct GPS missed approaches.
(iii) Ability to conduct the following operational and serviceability checks:
(A) database currency and area of operation,
(B) receiver serviceability,
(C) RAIM status,
(D) CDI sensitivity,
(E) position indication, and
(F) number of satellites acquired and, if available, satellite position information.
(iv) Ability to recognize and take appropriate action for all GPS warning and messages including, where applicable:
(A) "loss of RAIM",
(B) "2-D navigation",
(C) "In Dead Reckoning Mode",
(D) "data base out of date",
(E) "GPS fail",
(F) "barometric input fail",
(G) "power/battery low or fail",
(H) "parallel offset on", and
(I) "satellite fail".
(c) Ground Training - Integrated Receivers (Flight Management Systems)
The private operator shall ensure that the training program candidates are trained to proficiency in each of the elements associated with the following areas:
(i) Knowledge with respect to the following:
(A) the GPS system and theory of operation, including:
(I) GPS system components and aircraft equipment,
(II) the composition of satellite constellation,
(III) the minimum number of satellites required for 2-D and 3-D navigation,
(IV) the basic concept of satellite ranging,
(V) factors affecting the accuracy of GPS signals,
(VI) the WGS84 datum and the effect of using any other datum,
(B) human factors applicable to the use of GPS and how errors may be reduced or eliminated (ie. maintaining situational awareness);
(ii) Ability to perform the following operational tasks:
(A) predict RAIM availability,
(B) link en route portion of GPS flight plan to approach,
(C) conduct GPS stand alone approaches, and
(D) conduct GPS missed approaches;
(iii) Ability to conduct the following operational and serviceability checks:
(A) RAIM status,
(B) CDI sensitivity,
(C) number of satellites acquired and, if available, satellite position information; and
(iv) Ability to recognize and take appropriate action for all GPS warning and messages including, where applicable:
(A) "loss of RAIM",
(B) "2-D navigation",
(C) "GPS fail",
(D) "barometric input fail", and
(E) "satellite fail".
(d) Flight Training
(i) Each flight crew member shall complete flight training in the use of GPS for approach and other associated duties for each crew position they are authorized to occupy. Flight training may be completed in an aircraft, or in a level A or higher simulator that is equipped with the same model of GPS receiver that is installed in company aircraft.
(ii) Flight training shall be conducted by a designated training pilot who has completed the approved company ground training program and demonstrated proficiency in the use of the model of GPS to an approved check pilot.