you have, by your own comments, said it was conditions not known to the pilot that constitutes a 'surprise' and it is the 'surprise' that makes the airport 'clearly dangerous'. Again, no one charges into an accident on purpose and so I maintain that one does not knowingly fly into a 'clearly dangerous' airport.
And yes, everyone involved shares responsibility and yes the PIC is the final authority on whether or not the flight continues. And no doubt, every group can gather statistics to show what is 'normal' or 'routine' into an airport and use that data to support any position whether it be increased ops, limited ops, no ops and all could be argued on safety merits.
I have to wonder if TAM has a FOQA program and what data they have on actual ops into and out of the airport. My previous 'home' had FOQA and we found there was considerable difference between what was the assumed environment and the real environment.