This is an old chestnut! In modern times it would be a very poor captain who could not be "challenged" by the 1st Officer. They are "supposed" to be a team! Surely, the 2 pilots ought to be communicating all the time.
I've lost track of how to find it now but there were some accidents on 3 pilot operations which might have been prevented. The two pilots "handling" ignored the 3rd pilot (who was often rather junior in rank).
As I'm now retired it would be good to have some reassurance that this old "rank" etc. nonsense was history! Give the question itself, it probably isn't.