Of course you need a 4 year degree in most airlines, apprenticeship does not exist in the US. So you need first a High School Equivalency (GED) or TOEFL test, then you can join a college or university. You can do a 4 year degree in Professional Aeronautic for example at Embry Riddle University were you will graduate as a Commercial pilot. You can get a visa to study and work as an instructor afterwards.
A green card will be however very difficult to get as a pilot. Since there is still an overcapacity INS will not accept your application. The only way is marriage
