2) Consult flight manual and find out what 1 engine inop climb gradient you can expect, then set this up on the whiz-wheel as a ratio Vs the required 2.5% On the 2.5 side read the difference in height between the MDA and top of the MAP procedure to find what altitude you would expect to be with your actual climb gradient over the same dist and add the difference to your MDA.
Example:
Flight manual shows 180 fpm ROC at 100 kts with 1 inop so 1.8% (use jepp tables) the missed approach is from a MDA of 500 ft to 2500 ft
set 1.8 against 2.5
read 1440 against 2000 on the 2.5 side
Therefore you must raise the minima by 560 ft.
3) Depends upon the particular approval in the sim operators Synthetic Trainer Operating Manual (STOM). Some will allow no sim instructor subject to certain conditions such as saving a copy of the flight path and backing these up periodically, some will state that an instructor must be at the Instructor station at all times for anything to be logged.
Hope this helps,
MHA