A potted guide to US work visas (no, I'm not a lawyer, but feel like one after having just married a US citizen!)
J1 for instruction work only..valid for 24 months (believe it can be extended).
F1 for academic studies, ie. 4 year college degree..which would be very expensive! Valid for up to 5 years I think.
H1b for Temporary work permit. Good if you have a Batchlors Degree (or equivalent) and 4 years relevant work experience. Valid for 3 years initially. Can be extended once only. Down side, you're tied to that company.
"Green Card" (actually blue and pink so I'm told!). Difficult to obtain unless you have immediate family in USA, loads of money to invest in a business or marry.