On paper. Multiple choice.
You turn up with your logbook, your licence and medical, calculator (must be able to show that the memory is cleared, and only certain types of programmables are allowed: check beforehand), writing implements, whiz wheel and money. You tell them what exam you want to write. You fill out a form. They rummage about in a filing cabinet and give you a folder containing the exam, a FOR EXAMINATION PURPOSES ONLY, NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATION chart, supplementary materials, some scrap paper, and an answer sheet. The supplementary materials are things like diagrams, approach plates, performance tables, and weather charts. The exam questions occasionally refer you to the supplementary materials. Check that the exam is for the right subject, fixed wing, and in your preferred official language. The invigilator will tell you what time she is recording as your start time. You take everything to a room provided for that purpose, and you can begin right away. You mark your answers on the answer sheet. You can get more scrap paper if you want, but you have to hand in the used scrap paper before they give it to you. When you are done, or when the time is up, you take everything, including the scrap paper, back to the desk and they feed your answer sheet through a marking machine. They give you back a printout telling you your score in each area of the test, your overall score, and the syllabus section corresponding to each question you answered incorrectly.
There is no master list of questions available. They can ask you anything that is on the syllabus.