Ok, I'm not a radar ATCO, but here are my thoughts...
"Nxxxxx own navigation to XXX", or
"Nxxxxx direct XXX"
and XXX does not lie on the filed route?
Tell ATC that XXX is not on your filed route (perhaps telling them that CCC nearby is)
When having passed the CB, should one do a DCT to the next cleared waypoint, or do a reasonable intecept of the previous route? I think it is the former.
You're on a heading, so don't turn off that without being instructed to do so. I'd imagine that a transmission like: "We're past the weather now, able to resume original course......" would do the trick. Then it's up to ATC to route you direct to the next waypoint, or put you on a different heading.