I'll reply in terms of the theoretical knowledge requirements. This is assuming you are in the United Kingdom and you'll be gaining a UK CAA issued JAA CPL/IR with ATPL Theoretical knowledge (usually shown as a "frozen ATPL" here in PPRUNE land).
One has to sit and pass all fourteen exams with a pass mark of 75% in each exam. There is no negative marking (unlike years ago).
The exams are arranged so all fourteen are available every month, starting on the first Monday of every month and running over the course of four days.
So you could in theory study for all fourteen and sit all fourteen in the same week. Although I would be pretty impressed if you were able to pass them all doing it this way.
However you cannot study and sit each exam inidividually.
This is because you are only allowed six sittings to pass all fourteen exams. A sitting is anytime you sit one or more exam in an examination week. So if you took all fourteen in the same week it would count as one sitting and if you took just one exam it would count as one sitting. You'd have five left...
In addition to this requirement you are also only allowed four attempts at any individual exam.
If you fail to meet any of these requirements, it'll be a case of starting the exams all over again.
In regards to the loan... a loan of £60,000 will require huge repayments every month. To illustrate the example I give here I took a look at a popular loan company that advertises on TV (I'm just using them as an example) and a loan of £60,000 over a 10 year period would require monthly repayments of £717.60 with an APR of 7.9%. This means you'd be paying £717.60 each month for ten years which equates to £86,112. Now take into account if you are instructing PPL level before gaining an airline career you'd be lucky to have that amount of money to play with in total each month, never mind actually paying the loan. Even the lower end of the pay scale in the airlines won't see enough for a mortgage and loan repayments, never mind running a car or eating.