adding extra colours is not really going to cause a problem for the vast majority of colour deficients. By far the most common type of colour deficiency is called deuteranamoly this is the green photopigment in the retina is not what everybody else has got, it still works fine but the wavelenght at which is works best is shifted towards the red end of the spectrum.
Deuteranamolous people see red just like every body else, they see yellow like everybody else and they see blue like everybody else the problem that most have is that green is not as distinct as the other colours and can be confused with the white light that the lantern test shines at you.
The lantern tests are unfair because the colours that have been seleced to represent red, green and white are not exactly red green or white they are reddish green, greenish red and greenish white.
However large differences exist between the various lanterns and it all depends on where the person who designed it thought that it would be a good idea to draw the line (not based on anything resembling scientific fact)
You may fail all the other tests and pass this one. .So try it.