lets see if i can help...
the stop watch for the outbound leg starts when abeam the station or when u estabilish the heading, whichever comes later.
for the inbound leg when u estabilish the heading (or pass it to correct, in case u are outside the hold) or when u put the correction heading if u are inside the hold.
plus u halways take time over the station cause its always good to have a reference..u never know...
to correct for the time if u are early (lets say 50 sec inbound leg) you will double the time difference from the standard 1 min and add it to the outbound leg ( so 1min 20 sec outbound leg in this example)..and if ure late (say 1min 10 sec inbound leg) u will take half time difference and substract it to the outbound leg (55 sec in this ex).
for the 30 degrees gate its very simple, its just a way to check ure goin more or less well when ure in the outbound leg (so the leg in which u dont have any other help but the gate....!)..its exactly like a teardop ...so if the holding is standard (right turns) ull subtract 30° to the outbound course and vice versa ull add 30° if its left turn to know where the gate is...
if u are inside the hold ull se the tail of the ADF be on the gate before time, so ull correct to that heading until the end of the outbound leg time and then turn inbound
hope i helped
good luck!