I cannot answer Q.1.
Q.2 One reason why (at Heathrow at least) we do not clear pilots for the ILS is that in the past some pilots so cleared have descended to dangerously low altitudes many miles from touchdown. Maybe they didn't appreciate that there is other traffic under the ILS approaches - helicopters, light aircraft, traffic into other airports, etc., and the only satisfactory way to sort this is to get them to establish on the loc while ATC still has full altitude control. Once thus established they are told to descend on the ILS. It may be seen as a non-standard procedure but it's pretty safe.. "Belt and braces" we call it!