Another issue with the J1 is whether the student can transfer to another employer after the training is complete. With most J1 schools, going somewhere else for work is not a problem. However, some schools will try and block you from moving elsewhere, even if they cannot provide the student with a job. I don't know what the official INS line is here. There is another issue with experience levels to get the visa. I've heard some schools will not help you get it if you have even a PPL; then on the other side I know two JAA FATPL holders who managed to get the visa issued. Strange but true.